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Top 30 SAP HANA Interview Questions and Answers [Updated]


Are you struggling to find out the best source to learn the SAP HANA interview questions? I think you are at the right place to learn and explore the knowledge in the SAP HANA module. SAP HANA is one of the popular enterprise resources planning functional modules and designed to work using programming codes. HKR’s frequently designed SAP HANA interview questions help you to gain valuable knowledge and crack the interviews. So let’s get our journey with the SAP HANA interview questions topic.

Most Frequently Asked SAP HANA Interview Questions and Answers

Basic SAP HANA Interview Questions

What is SAP HANA?

Ans: SAP HANA is a high-performance business analytical application tool and supports an in-memory computing engine. SAP HANA is a type of ERP functional module which contains a front-end modeling studio that can be used for server management application developments and load controlling methods.

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Why is SAP HANA a unique model?

Ans: SAP HANA is considered as a unique ERP tool in many possible ways. The reasons are as follows;

  • SAP HANA is the first-ever technology used for handling both OLTP and OLAP application processing methods.
  • SAP HANA supports the query processing environment for both structured and unstructured data sets. This can be used in relational database tables and structured data sets.
  • This tool contains a multi-core process engine used to process the data sets parallelly. The parallel process can be done using different columns of the same database tables.
  • Using a column database set, this tool optimizes the different data structures and very easy to store large amounts of compressed data sets.

Mention the two types of relational data stored in SAP HANA?

Ans: The two types of relational data stored in SAP HANA are;

What is the role of the persistence layer in the SAP HANA model?

Ans: As I said earlier, the SAP HANA ERP tool contains an in-memory management engine that helps the user to access the data directly without any backups. The persistence layer avoids the risk of losing important data in case of any sudden power cut off or hardware failure. This layer is also called as a savior because it stores all the important data sets in the hardware without causing any accuracy.

Mention the components used in SAP HANA technology?

Ans: SAP HANA is nothing but a collection of different tools and technologies. So there are 4 major components are available which collectively make the SAP HANA technology such as,

  • SAP HANA DB (database sets)
  • SAP HANA studio
  • SAP HANA application cloud
  • SAP HANA appliances.

Name the platforms which support SAP HANA?

Ans: SAP HANA supports the following various platforms;

1. Microsoft Windows VISTA versions 7, 8 servers 2008 (32-bit memory)

2. Microsoft windows operating system versions 7,8,10 servers’ 2008/R2 (memory 64-bits)

3. SUSE LINUX operating server (SLES) version 11 (memory 64-bits)

4. Red Hat Enterprise Server (RHEL) version 6 (64-bit memory)

5. MAC operating system OS X Mavericks version 10.9.

What is the modeling studio in SAP HANA?

Ans: The modeling studio is a building block of SAP HANA technology which performs the operations like;

  • Helps to declare which table can store the data in HANA, firstly it will get the meta-data and perform the data replication process.
  • Manages the data service task to add the data from SAP business warehouse and other application systems.
  • Manages the ERP instance system connection, the current version of ERP software does not support this instant connection.
  • Self-modeling can be done and allows users to use data services.
  • Offers essential licenses for SAP business operation data services.

List the compressions techniques of SAP HANA technology?

Ans: There are three compression techniques available in SAP HANA technology such as;

1. Run-length encoding

2. Cluster encoding

3. Dictionary encoding.

What is the latency?

Ans: In SAP HANA, Latency means the time length for data replication from various data sources to the target machine.

. What are the different building blocks used in the SAP HANA environment?

Ans: The fundamental components of the SAP HANA environment included are;

1. In-memory computing engine.

2. Database (Replication agent and replication server)

3. SAP business objects BI 4 (designer tools, data server designers, and data servers, etc.)

4. SAP HANA studio (Eclipse-based tool)

5. Clients.

Intermediate SAP HANA Interview questions

. Mention the role of the replication server?

Ans: The main function of the replication server is to manage the table data replication as well as table metadata from the multiple data sources.

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. List the architectural components used in SAP HANA?

Ans: The SAP HANA architecture consists of different components that make the system architecture.

  • Index system server
  • Name server system
  • Pre-processor server system
  • SAP HANA model studio repository
  • XS engine system.

. Name the components of an Index server?

Ans: The following are the important components of the index server;

1. Relational data engine

2. Connection and session manager

3. Planning engine system

4. Calc engine system

5. Persistence layer

. Explain sizing in SAP HANA?

Ans: Sizing in SAP HANA defines the hardware requirements for a specific SAP HANA installation process. Hardware components are considered as important for sizing parts of System CPU memory or RAM and hard disk requirements. The very tough task here is that estimate the size of the SAP HANA server that will be best suited for the user’s requirements.

Sizing in SAP HANA can be performed in three ways;

1. Using the quick sizer tool

2. Using the DB script

3. Using the ABAP report.

. Define the rows and Column storage in SAP HANA?

Ans: 

Row Storage: 

A row storage is a store that saves a series of records that includes the field of a single row within a table. It is a way to store data horizontally, similar to the data storage inside traditional disk DBs. 

Column Storage

Column Storage represents storing data vertically, where data is compressed into the columns. It helps to optimize read-write data operations and enhances the performance of the SAP HANA platform.

. How can you avoid unnecessary information from being stored in SAP HANA?

Ans: Users can avoid storing the unnecessary data being stored in SAP HANA just by pausing the replication to stop the scheme-related jobs.

. Explain how SQL statements can be processed?

Ans: In the SAP HANA database, each SQL statement can be implemented with the references to the transaction. Frequently the new session can be allotted to the new SQL transaction.

. What are the different perspectives in the SAP HANA studio?

Ans: The following are the some commonly used perspectives as follows;

  • The SAP HANA administration console
  • The SAP HANA modeler control
  • Application server development
  • Life cycle management in SAP server
  • SAP HANA development
  • ABAP module development
  • Business warehouse (BW) modeling.

. Define the SAP HANA system Monitor?

Ans: The SAP HANA monitor in the studio can be used to perform tasks like administering and monitor the system’s performance and availability of SAP HANA architectural components. Also, users can access the SAP HANA system’s details, configurations, and the services offered by different SAP HANA components. SAP HANA system monitor can also be used to monitor several database aspects like alerts, trace disk, log disks, data disk, memory, data volume, and disk space, etc.

Related Article, SAP S/4 HANA Overview

. What are the three types of information views?

Ans: The following are the three types of information views such as;

  • Attribute View
  • Analytic View
  • Calculation view.
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. What are the types of SAP HANA engines?

Ans: The following are the three types of SAP HANA engines such as;

  • Join engine
  • OLAP engine
  • Calculation engine.

Advanced SAP HANA Interview Questions

. Mention the types of packages used in SAP HANA?

Ans: The packages in SAP HANA are nothing but folders which holds modeling related database objects. We call it a package because it contains all the information related to modeling studio in a complete package wise and later we can use it for transition purposes (Import/Export) purposes. This information may be of type information view, Sub-package details, analytical privilege, and procedures.

There are two types of packages used in SAP HANA,

1. Structural package

2. Non-structural package.

. What are Schemas in SAP HANA?

Ans: The schemas are a type of database element of the system which resides in the catalog node of the SAP HANA model. The relational SAP HANA database can be divided into sub-databases within the SAP HANA nodes. Schemas are like a container that contains information like element details, objects, or relational database details.

. Differences between OLAP and relation connection to the SAP HANA?

Ans: Let me explain the major differences between OLAP and relation connection are as follows;

Relation connection: Relation connection can be used when there is a need to access the conventional database tables. Relational connections can be created via IDT or UDT semantic layers.

OLAP: The OLAP connection is used to access multidimensional data cubes and it also establishes the direct connection to the SAP HANA business layer of the database model to the relational connection. These connections help users to connect to the database tables or information views in the SAP HANA.

 

. Define referential join in SAP HANA?

Ans: The referential join in SAP HANA is a default join type in data modeling. This join is almost similar to an inner join. The only difference is that referential integrity can be formed when you are using referential join otherwise it cannot be formed. Referential join can be formed between a fact table and a master data table.

. What are the SAP HANA business objects reporting tools?

Ans: The following are the business objects reporting tools in SAP HANA such as;

  •       SAP Lumina
  •       Web Intelligence
  •       Design studio
  •       SAP crystal reports
  •       Universe designers
  •       Dashboard designer.

. Difference between catalog and content node?

Ans: 

The catalog node acts as a database directory for the SAP HANA model and also holds the structured information about the physical objects.

The content node contains information about the design-time repository data objects and also holds the packages such as attributes, views, calculation, and analytical views.

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. Mention the different ways to create a table in SAP HANA?

Ans: There are two possible ways to create a table in SAP HANA;

  1. Command-line method
  2. GUI based methods

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. What are the types of connecting drivers used by SAP HANA reporting tools?

Ans: The SAP HANA uses the four types of connecting drivers such as,

  1. ODBO (OLE DB used for OLAP)
  2. ODBC driver
  3. JDBC driver
  4. BICS driver

. What is the transformation rule in the SAP HANA module?

Ans. These rules in SAP HANA are the rules and regulations applicable to managing source tables. These rules are also helpful in executing all the jobs on the table. Moreover, a few rules in this regard also benefit the replication process.

sight:

In this article, I have tried my best to explain the important SAP HANA interview questions with answers. SAP HANA is a type of ERP functional module and is mainly used in business processing applications. These interview questions with answers will help you to learn and crack any kind of complex interview. 

About Author

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Kavya works for HKR Trainings institute as a technical writer with diverse experience in many kinds of technology-related content development. She holds a graduate education in the Computer science and Engineering stream. She has cultivated strong technical skills from reading tech blogs and also doing a lot of research related to content. She manages to write great content in many fields like Programming & Frameworks, Enterprise Integration, Web Development, SAP, and Business Process Management (BPM). Connect her on LinkedIn and Twitter.

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Jira Installation on Windows | Guide to Install Jira Application


Installation of Jira Application:

1. Download the Jira zip file to your OS:

  • Refer to https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/core/download for Jira Core.
  • Refer to https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/download for Jira Software.
  • Refer to https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/download for Jira Service Management. 

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2. Create a folder named installation directory. This is the place where the Installation of Jira will be done. Do not use spaces or special characters in the path. Extract the Jira Zip file in your installation directory.

3. Create a folder named the home directory. This is the place where Jira data such as search indexes, logs, and files are stored. You should create this folder separately from your installation directory.

Let Jira know where to find the home directory when it starts. There are two ways to do it. 

  • Setting up an environment variable (generally Preferred)
  • Edit the jira-application.properties file

Setting up an environment variable:

  • You need to set an environment variable called “Jira_Home” in the OS with an exact path to the home directory.   
  • set JIRA_HOME=A:\path\to\jira-home
  • where A is the drive on which you have created the home directory.
  • You may later specify the above command in a script that is used to start Jira.

Edit the jira-application.properties file:

  • In any text editor, edit the file installation_directory\atlassian-jira\WEB-INF\classes\jira_application.properties. 
  • Next, add jira.home exact path to your home directory. You should avoid backlashes.
  • If you set a UNC path, you will have to double escape the primary backslash.

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4. By default, Jira checks port 8080.  If another application uses the same ports, you must tell Jira to use another port.

5. Then you can start Jira.  

  • Start the installation process by running installation_directory/bin/start-jira.bat. A command prompt opens. Closing it will stop Jira.
  • To run Jira in your browser, go to http://localhost:8080/.
  • If the command prompt window immediately closes, then your Java_home variable may be incorrectly set.

[ Related Article : jira training ]

Setting up Jira Application:

1. Select the setup method. Select ‘I will set it up myself’.

2. Connect with your database: 

  • If you haven’t done that yet, now is the time for you to set up a database.
  • Select My own database.
  • Select your database type and enter your database details.

3. Define Application properties:

  • Enter the name of your Jira site
  • Choose if your website needs to be private or everyone can register. You’ll be able to change that later.
  • Enter your basic URL through which people will be able to access your Jira website.

JIRA will connect to your database by means of a standard connection to the JDBC database. Connection sharing is managed in JIRA and can be modified later using the JIRA configuration tool.

When using Oracle or MySQL, there is an additional step:

  • Download and extract suitable database JDBC drivers.
  • Put the JAR file in your jira_installation/lib folder before proceeding with the setup wizard.

4. Enter the License:

  • Follow the instructions to sign in to my.atlassian.com to recover your license or enter the license key.

5. Sign up for your admin account:

  • Enter your administrator account details. Additional administrators can be added at the end of the setup.

6. Configure email notifications:

  • Enter the email server details. It enables Jira to send notifications when problems change.

7. Get started with Jira: 

That’s all! Your Jira website can be accessed from your basic URL or a URL such as http://computer_name(or)IP_address:port

Now, let us go through some of the prerequisites before we install Jira.

frequently asked Jira Interview Questions and Answers !!

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Jira installation Prerequisites:

1. See the Supported Platforms page to learn which version of Jira you are installing. It will provide you information about the supported operating systems, browsers and databases. 

Note: 

  • The installation of Jira on OSX is not supported.
  • We can use JDK (Java Development Kit) or JRE (Java Runtime Environment).
  • Only the version of Apache Tomcat provided with Jira is supported.

2. If you install Jira on a 32-bit system, you must reduce the maximum amount of heap available for Jira. 2GB is the default size 64bit system which is very high for a system with 32 bit and may be unsuitable for available memory.

Follow these steps once you have extracted files from the archive, but even before you start Jira.

  • The Default setenv file must be renamed. 

Go to the Jira-install-directory/bin directory and remove the setenv.bat/.sh file (edit its name). 

Label setenv32.bat/. sh as setenv.bat/.sh. Jira will use that file during startup.

  • You need to add properties for the jira-config.properties file.

Go to the home directory of Jira, and change the jira-config.properties file. In case there is no file, you may create it.

Add the properties below:

jira.index.batch.maxrambuffermb=256

jira.index.interactive.maxrambuffermb=256

3. Executing Jira as a service on Windows indicates that your Jira application will start automatically once Windows is started. You need to use the Windows installer if you wish to execute Jira as a Service.
In the event that you decide not to use Jira as a service: You need to start and stop Jira by executing the file start-jira.bat in your Jira installation folder. 

Jira will be executed as the Windows user account which is used to install Jira, or you may choose to operate it as a dedicated user. (This user requires complete read and write access for the installation folder and the base folder). Jira requires a manual restart when your server is restarted.

4. In order to start Jira in production, you must have an external database. Refer to the Supported Platforms page for the version you are installing for a list of currently supported databases. If you do not have a database, then PostgreSQL is the best choice. It is free, easy to configure, and has gone through many tests with Jira.

  • Configure your database before you start. Stepwise guidance for all supported databases can be found in Connecting Jira Apps to a Database.
  • UTF-8 character encoding can be used.
  • If you use either Oracle or MySQL, you will be required to download your database driver.
  • The integrated H2 database can be used to evaluate Jira, but you need to migrate to a different database before executing it in production. An external database can be easier to use right from the beginning.

5. You require a valid Jira software server, Jira service desk server or Jira Core server license to operate JIRA.

  • If you have not purchased a Jira Application License, then you can create an evaluation License during configuration.
  • If you are having a license key, you will be asked to log into my.atlassian.com to get it back, or you may manually enter the key while configuring.
  • If you are moving from Jira Cloud, then you will require a new Jira license.

6. Before installing Jira, make sure that you are using a supported Java version and that the JAVA_HOME environment variable is set properly.

Jira applications will work with Oracle JDK, OpenJDK, or JRE. To verify the JAVA_HOME variable:

  • Open the command prompt and enter “echo %JAVA_HOME%” and press Enter. 
  • If you are able to see the path to your Java install directory, then the JAVA_Home environment variable has been properly set. 
  • If nothing is shown, or  %JAVA_HOME% is shown, you need to manually define the JAVA_HOME environment variable.

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Conclusion:

In this post, we have gone through the installation of the Jira application on windows, Setting up the Jira application and the prerequisites before installing Jira. I hope this post was helpful!

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