Stop Being So Dependent on Your iPhone: Turn It Into a Dumb Phone Instead


The mindless pull of the infinite scroll has a way of turning every spare moment into a lost hour. It starts as a quick check for a notification or a brief distraction during a work break, but these apps are engineered to keep you trapped in a loop of “just one more.” 

Before long, that reflex to reach for your phone becomes an automatic response to any second of boredom, leaving you stuck in a cycle of digital noise that is hard to break with willpower alone.

I miss the feeling of calm that comes with being without a smartphone. And I’m not the only one. A Pew Research survey from 2024 found that 72% of US teens say they feel “peaceful” when they don’t have their smartphone, while 44% say it makes them anxious.

Watch this: Ditching My iPhone for the Low-Tech Light Phone 3. Can I Survive?

But switching off is hard. Crucial personal and banking information is tied to my phone, and I’d still need it occasionally even if I tried switching to a second, simpler device.

So instead of breaking free, I found ways to reduce my screen time and phone addiction. I wish I could say it was through willpower, but nope. I relied on some of the same technology to get away from it.

I used my iPhone’s built-in features to curb my phone usage. It’s not a perfect solution, but these methods have helped me lower my screen time without swapping to a dumb phone.

Set up your iPhone for fewer distractions

Social media apps on an iPhone home screen

Personally, these social media apps cause a lot of distraction.

Prakhar Khanna/CNET

If your phone addiction isn’t extreme, you can set up your iPhone to be less distracting. 

It starts with easy things like disabling notifications and simplifying your home screen. I removed all social media apps from mine, and it helped me reduce the daily open rate. I was no longer mindlessly tapping those icons because I’m lazy enough not to swipe down and type the app’s name just to scroll through them. 

Here are other iPhone settings that you can use to curb your phone addiction.

Use Focus Mode

I use the iPhone’s Focus mode to limit distracting notifications when I’m working and traveling — essentially for times when I want to be 100% present in things I’m doing. 

This feature goes beyond the simple Do Not Disturb function. I need notifications from my family and favorite contacts to pass through, so I have set up different Focus modes instead of using a blanket Do Not Disturb mode every time. Here’s how to set up Focus mode. 

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Go to Settings > Focus and tap on the + icon.

Mike De Socio

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Create and customize your own Focus mode.

Mike De Socio

1. Go to Settings > Focus.
2. Tap on the + icon (on the top-right corner) to create a Custom Focus.
3. Manage notifications by choosing which apps and contacts you want to hear from during your focus time. You can change individual settings here through People and Apps.

You can also create a custom home screen that activates when you switch on your new focus mode. For instance, I have Instagram on my home screen in Travel focus mode, and none of the social media apps are on my Work home screen. 

To use a new home screen, you’ll need to set it up from the home screen and then link it to your new focus mode.

Set Screen Time limits

Apple’s Screen Time feature can help you create schedules and set limits for apps that are sucking the joy out of your life. If you’re adamant about having time away from your phone, you can block apps and notifications for those time periods. 

For instance, I have Instagram set to 45 minutes per day and 30 minutes on weekends. Here’s how to set up Screen Time. 

Go to Settings > Screen Time > App Limits and tap on Add Limit.

Go to Settings > Screen Time > App Limits and tap on Add Limit.

Screenshots by Prakhar Khanna/CNET

Screenshots to select the apps you want to set time limit for.

Select the apps you want to set time limit for.

Screenshots by Prakhar Khanna/CNET

1. Go to Settings > ScreenTime > AppLimits
2. Tap on Add Limit
3. Select the individual or categories of apps you want to set timers for.
4. Tap Next and set the amount of time you want to allow yourself on each app.
5. Tap Customize Days if you want to customize your limit’s schedule.
6. Tap Add in the upper right corner.

Once set, your iPhone sends a notification 5 minutes before approaching your set time limit. After the app reaches the Screen Time limit, it stops whatever it’s doing and displays a new screen. It prompts you to tap OK to exit the app. You can choose to tap Ignore Limit if you’re doing something urgent that requires more time to finish.

Schedule downtime

Go to Settings > Screen Time > Downtime and set a schedule.

Go to Settings > Screen Time > Downtime and set a schedule.

Screenshots by Prakhar Khanna/CNET

Schedule downtime on iOS is part of the Screen Time feature, and you can use it to force yourself to put down your iPhone. I have set it up for weekends. Here’s how you can set up downtime on your iPhone. 

1. Go to Settings > Screen Time > Downtime.
2. Toggle on the widget next to Scheduled.
3. Set your downtime schedule.

When downtime is enabled, only phone calls and apps that you choose to allow are permitted. Like Screen Time limits, when you schedule downtime, a 5-minute reminder is sent before it begins. You can then ignore the reminder or turn on downtime. It can be turned off at any time by turning off Scheduled.

Use Assistive Access

Using Apple's Assistive Access on the iPhone Air.

Assistive Access makes it easy to stay focused with only the essential apps. 

Prakhar Khanna/CNET

Assistive Access is an accessibility feature in iOS. It provides a simplified user interface that aims to help people with cognitive disabilities use an iPhone with greater ease and independence. However, it can double as a feature that’s enabled when you want a more focused way to use your iPhone.

In a way, this feature dumbs down your iPhone. Apple says, “Assistive Access offers ways for people to navigate iPhone and communicate using visuals rather than text.” 

It displays on-screen items in a large grid that emphasizes images and icons. You also get large text labels and high contrast buttons on the iPhone’s home screen and across essential apps like Calls, Messages, Camera, Photos and Music.

Here’s how you can set up Assistive Access on your iPhone. 

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Prakhar Khanna/CNET

Assistive Access customization screens.

Tap on Continue on these screens and customize what you want to see when your Assistive Access is turned on.

Prakhar Khanna/CNET

1. Go to Settings > Accessibility > Assistive Access.
2. Tap on Set Up Assistive Access and select Continue.
3. Choose the layout for home screen apps from either Rows (if you want items arranged in a list) or Grid (for bigger icons arranged in a grid).
4. You can now tap on the + icon to select apps available in Assistive Access.
5. The iPhone will prompt you to enter your passcode and set up an Assistive Access passcode. Follow the on-screen instructions, and you’re done.

To exit Assistive Access, you need to:

1. Triple-press the side button (for modern iPhones) or the Home button (for iPhones with Touch ID).
2. Tap Exit Assistive Access.
3. Enter the Assistive Access passcode you entered during the setup process.

I haven’t been able to use Assistive Access for more than a day because it limits the iPhone’s functionality down to a basic phone. It is great if you can live with just simple functionalities. 

Otherwise, I recommend using the settings mentioned in the previous section to keep 100% of your iPhone’s functionality while reducing your screen time.

Make your iPhone minimalist with this Dumb Phone app

The Dumb Phone app running on the iPhone Air.

I made my iPhone Air semi-dumb by installing this app.

Prakhar Khanna/CNET

The Dumb Phone is a $3 per-month app (or $25 for a lifetime purchase) that lets you create a minimalist-style phone. Unlike the iPhone’s built-in Assistive Access feature, it creates a text-based launch menu for your most essential apps and hides everything else.

The setup process is simple with on-screen instructions, but you need to enable a few settings. 

  • Add Widget: Go to your home screen > tap and hold on empty space > Tap Edit > Add Widget > search for “dp” > Select Page 1 widget.
  • Set the minimalist DP wallpaper: In the DP app, the second instruction takes you to an option to save a wallpaper. Save it and go to Settings > Wallpaper > Add New Wallpaper > Photos > select the recently saved black wallpaper > follow the rest of dp instructions.
  • Enable Dark mode: Go to Settings > Display & Brightness > select Dark.
  • Set Reduce Animations & Transparency to On: Go to Settings > Accessibility > Per-App Settings > Add App > Home Screen & App Library. Then, after it’s added, tap Home Screen & App Library > Reduce Motion, then tap On.
  • Create a minimalist Home Screen: The app prompts you to uncheck all other home screen pages, suggests widget positioning and removes dock icons.

I added my essential banking and work apps to the dock and enabled all the other settings. The Dumb Phone app offers plenty of customization options to personalize your iPhone experience.

By default, all other settings and UI elements remain the same as before. You can still access all the other apps and add whatever you want to your home screen. 

However, if you want the true dumb phone experience, you can turn on Detox Mode to block non-essential apps. It connects the app to the iPhone’s Screen Time setting, which can be used to permit or block app notifications and access.

It took me at least an hour to set up the Dumb Phone app to my liking, but once it was, it helped me reduce my screen time. 

I like it because it didn’t force me to relearn the basic features of my iPhone. It simply adjusted my home screen and settings for a more focused, distraction-free interface. It made me realize that most of it comes down to muscle memory — because readjusting my home screen was a bigger win than expected.

By removing apps from my home screen or deleting them altogether, I am no longer mindlessly tapping on apps I don’t need.

YouTube running on Assistive Access on iPhone Air.

Assistive Access is likely the most effective way to curb your phone usage. It gives you these big UI buttons within apps.

Prakhar Khanna/CNET

That said, there are two relatively obvious issues with this route. First, you’re paying additional money for the privilege of simplifying things. And secondarily, you’ll still need to rely on some willpower, because it’s not hard to swipe away from these customizations. 

If you do eventually decide that you want a secondary device for staying connected while minimizing distractions, there are a lot of options. Newer keyboard-equipped phones, “minimalist” themed phones and the Barbie-themed flip phone offer different ways to still have access to communication while cutting back. 

But you might not need the extra expense if some of these iPhone customizations provide a similar way to quiet things down. While I’m still on this journey, these iPhone settings have helped me limit my screen time. I hope they’ll help you too. 





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Normalization in SQL Server – Table of Content

What is Normalization?

Normalization is the organization of data using a set of rules called normal forms while designing a database. It helps improve data accuracy and integrity while reducing data redundancy and inconsistent dependency. It was developed by IBM researcher Edgar Frank Codd in the 1970s to increase data and relational clarity in a database. The process includes organizing data in tabular formats and defining relationships among them. Codd proposed the relational model of databases and introduced the Normal Forms. Most practical applications of database organization can be achieved using the Third Normal Form. But still, some dependencies could exist so in 1974, he was joined by Raymond F. Boyce to develop a stronger version of 3NF, the Boyce-Codd Normal Form.

Types of Normalization

The set of rules used to create a database are called ‘forms’, these help in measuring the level of normalization of an entity. The different types of Normalization Forms are as follows:

1. First Normal Form (1NF):

1NF divides the database into logical units called ‘tables’ consisting of unique values in each related field making it easy to search, filter, and sort the information. While normalizing a database for 1NF a Primary key i.e. a single column is allotted to each data category. It helps in the redevelopment of the raw database into a manageable record. The primary key may consist of a combination of columns and the set is known as Composite Key.

2. Second Normal Form (2NF):

 2NF is the schema of further breaking down the tables based on the partial dependency of data on the primary key. The specific units have a full functional dependency that applies to a single column of Primary key. The entity must completely comply with relationship rules of 1NF to be considered for 2NF and there shouldn’t be any partial dependency. A table with a Composite Primary Key must be split into 2 to generate a foreign key. The foreign key will be the column that references the Primary Key of the other table.

3. Third Normal Form (3NF):

 The objective of entities eligible for 3NF is to eliminate non-dependent data while addressing the update anomaly. The inconsistency of the database following an update is called transitive dependency. Removal of these transitive dependencies leads to normalization from 2NF to 3NF. This is the ideal form of normalization of almost all tables.

4. Boyce Code Normal Form (BCNF):

Redundancies arising from functional dependencies are resolved by 3NF but any anomalies arising from additional constraints are handled through BCNF, also known as 3.5NF. A 3NF table or relation without a transitive dependency is in BCNF.

5. Fourth Normal Form (4NF):

At the 4NF level there are no non-trivial multivalued dependencies other than a candidate key. A relation from a table in the BCNF, without multi-value dependency, only can be in the 4NF.

6. Fifth Normal Form (5NF):

5NF is also known as project-join normal form (PJ/NF). It reduces redundancy in relational databases by isolating semantically related multiple relationships. For a table to be in 5NF its non-trivial join dependency should be implied by candidate keys.

7. Domain/Key Normal Form (DKNF):

DKNF is a stricter normal form than 5NF and it removes any additional type of dependencies and constraints. The main requirements for a 5NF to qualify for DKNF are that each constraint on the table should be a logical consequence and non-existence of all constraints other than domain and keys. Also, there shouldn’t be any insert or delete anomalies in the database. Specifying general integrity constraints is tough so the practical use of DKNF relation is limited.

8. Sixth Normal Form (6NF):

6th normal form is not a standardized form but a table eligible for 5NF only can qualify for 6NF. To be in the 6NF a relation should not contain any non-trivial join dependencies. It is stricter and less redundant that DKNF. The relational variables of entities in this form become irreducible components.

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Importance of Database Normalization

Normalization of operational data stores (ODSs) and data warehouses (DWs) helps in the following ways:

1. Consistency: As all information is stored in a single place, any chances of inconsistency are ruled out.

2. Object-to-data mapping: Normalized data schemas help with object-oriented goals.

3. Flexibility: Data values can be easily added to rows.

4. Accessibility:  Normalized data can be easily accessed, processed, and understood.

5. Uniqueness: Data redundancy is minimized.

Advantages of Normalization

Database Normalization is used to design an organized and managed database to maintain accuracy and enhance productivity. The main advantages of normalizing a database are:

  • Organization of the database through normalization improves data accuracy and reduces redundant data.
  • Data consistency and flexibility improves the logical usage of data.
  • Enhanced database security.
  • All necessary functional dependencies are handled during the normalization process.
  • Makes Index searching easier as the indexes tend to be narrow and short.

What is TSQL?

TSQL is an abbreviation for Transact-SQL or T-SQL. It is a set of proprietary extensions to SQL (Structured Query Language) created by Sybase and owned by Microsoft since 1987. This procedural language expands the Microsoft SQL Server standard with extra features such as declared variables, transaction control, stored procedures, error and exception handling, triggers, string operations, etc. TSQL is used to operate SQL server-based relational databases. It is easier to understand and Turing complete. All interactions with a SQL Server through an application are carried out by T-SQL.

The dominant features of TSQL are:

1. It is a procedural programming language used to create applications.

2. Generates compact and readable codes that are less vulnerable.

3. Support functions for string processing, date and time processing, and mathematics operations.

4. Availability of user-defined custom functions.

5. Offers developers flexible control over the application flow through local variables.

TSQL Functions

Functions can be defined using TSQL beyond the built-in functions of SQL Server.

There are four types of T-SQL functions:

Aggregate functions: 

These deterministic functions operate on a collection of values to calculate one summary value. The values of multiple rows are submitted as input to obtain a more significant value.

Ranking functions:

These are nondeterministic functions that return a ranking value for every row in a partition. The ranks for rows with the same values will be the same.  

Rowset functions:

These nondeterministic functions return an object that can be used as a view or table reference in SQL statements. Their results may vary against the same set of input values.

Scalar functions:

These user-defined functions operate on a single value and return a single value. It helps in simplifying a code but cannot be used to update data.

Analytical functions:

These functions support TSQL to perform complex tasks and enable expression of common analysis such as ranking, percentiles, moving averages, and cumulative sums in a single SQL statement.

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Differences between SQL and T-SQL

The differences between SQL and T-SQL are:

  • SQL is an open-format programming language that works for various data providers and TSQL is its proprietary extension designed specifically for Microsoft SQL Server.
  • SQL is used for implementing reporting techniques while TSQL is useful for the installation of Microsoft SQL servers using applications.
  • SQL is a data-oriented language as it operates over data sets while TSQL is a transactional language.
  • SQL can process basic queries but TSQL can be used to create applications and add services to them.
  • At a given time only a single statement can be processed using SQL while a load of statements can be processed using different control and iteration structures of T-SQL.
  • SQL can be embedded into TSQL but the vice versa isn’t possible.
  • Unlike SQL, TSQL is Turing complete and more robust.
  • Unlike SQL, T-SQL offers easy integration with Microsoft Business Intelligence tools like PowerBI.

Advantages of TSQL

TSQL helps in fast-paced development through better interaction with the SQL Server. The advantages of using TSQL are:   

  • TSQL offers modular programming and its extensions enhance its programmability.
  • Increased reliability and proprietary security of the server.
  • Efficient handling of sensitive data to reduce security threats.
  • Minimizes traffic over the server while easily managing complex tasks.
  • Allows incorporation of programming logic into the database.
  • Provides better control over the database instance.

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 Conclusion

Normalization aids in the easy organization of a database and TSQL assists in writing compact codes. Using these two concepts together makes the database and codes more readable and less vulnerable. The main areas of focus while using these will be designing tables as per the database architecture, reviewing and optimizing Query performance, and scaling the database by implementing it on the cloud. Using these in combination will help developers integrate Microsoft Business Intelligence for business analytics.

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